What is the swine flu? Swine influenza is a highly contagious acute respiratory disease in pigs. It is due to one pig flu virus. Swine flu, the results of high morbidity and low mortality rate is about 1-4%. These pigs, spread of virus aerosols, direct and indirect contact, and through it to the applicant of the disease to the pigs. Although pigs are exposed to on a regular basis, increased in autumn and winter in the temperate regions. Therefore, pigs are regularly vaccinated against swine flu in many countries. Swine influenza virus, although usually not H1N1 subtype, as well as other subtypes H1N2, H3N1, H3N2 is known to the rotating pigs. Pigs, however, are a likely to be infected with avian influenza viruses, human influenza viruses and seasonal influenza virus in pigs, which allows viral genes, leading to confusion and an influenza virus containing genes from different sources, which is known as? reassortantâ? virus. Although swine influenza viruses are species specific, which can in extreme circumstances to make a crossover to cause disease in humans. How it found swine flu? When a person is the time many of the symptoms may be present. However, the swine flu symptoms are similar to the normal cold and flu symptoms, and may include: Fever Headache Fatigue Cough appetite sore throat, runny nose Vomiting Diarrhea Nausea Chills fatigue, loss of appetite and diarrhea can be dangerous. If symptoms are persistent, it is imperative that a physician. In order to diagnose his illness, the doctor may order: X-ray shows respiratory blood to diagnose infection, swine flu, respiratory sample should be collected in the first 4-5 days the beginning of the disease, as it is when the infected are likely to have spread the virus, but especially children, may shed virus in 7 days or more. Recognize the swine influenza virus, the sample is sent to the CDC laboratory testing. Only RT-PCR or viral culture is possible to establish a swine influenza infection in the certificate of origin (H1N1). A test is performed rapidly antigen tests and immunofluorescence tests for detection of swine influenza in the certificate of origin (H1N1) is not known. People suspected that the origin of swine influenza A (H1N1), and who share the positive use of these tests should be revised in the RT-PCR testing or viral culture confirms the presence of swine, the home of an influenza A (H1N1) virus. Negative rapid antigen or immunofluorescence test can not be used to remove the source code of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. This test, the results of nasal swab or nasal, and other information, is likely to help physicians take better care of you. Knowing the test results will help prevent the spread of the virus to others. Swine flu test kit is a sensitive test to detect swine influenza virus, however, the FDA has not approved or accepted in this test. But it has accepted the FDA has agreed that this test may not be used in case of emergency permit. What is the swine flu is different from avian influenza? Swine flu and avian influenza viruses is not a double, as the similar, but yet they are very similar. The virus that causes avian influenza first human mutation of the virus, that was where the birds can infect humans, and when established, which now moves to human contact. Similarly, it is swine flu. Among the pigs started the virus, but soon the mutation can be transmitted to humans. Viruses have the ability to play quickly, these viruses can change very quickly, the new rates, which are then going to other regions and increased susceptible hosts. Avian influenza has so far been difficult to be transmitted to humans if they are heavy birds. This is because the virus has not mutated into a form that is contagious people. However, swine influenza virus is a genetic origin for pigs and poultry. The biggest difference is that the swine flu virus has mutated into so much that can be easily transferred to human contact. What medications are available for the treatment of swine flu and avian flu? Antiviral treatment is usually first line treatment for confirmed, probable or suspected cases of swine influenza in the certificate of origin (H1N1) infection, as well as prioritizing the treatment of hospitalized patients with a high risk of complications. Antivirals are prescription medicines (pills, liquid or spray), and is actively working against the influenza viruses, such as swine flu. Anti-viral drugs normally used to swine flu or prevent infection of swine influenza virus. These drugs must be provided for the health care professional. Begins today, four influenza antiviral drugs are approved for use in the United States. They are: oseltamivir (Tamiflu), zanamivir (Relenza), Amantadine Rimantadine (Flumadine), laboratory tests carried out in swine influenza (H1N1) has so far indicated that the virus is sensitive to (sensitive) to oseltamivir and zanamivir. Antiviral drugs can make illness milder and prevent serious complications of influenza. These antiviral drugs work best when started within two days of onset of the disease. Antiviral medications may also be used as a preventive measure to protect the person who is or may be a person close to the swine flu. Antiviral medications are 70% and 90% effective in preventing influenza. Antiviral doses are recommended to treat the certificate of origin of swine influenza (H1N1) infection in adults and children 1 year of age or older are the same as those recommended for seasonal influenza. The use of oseltamivir in children under 1 year the U.S. FDA recently approved under an emergency authorization (EUA). In addition, there is a vaccine can be given to pigs to prevent the spread of swine influenza. However, no vaccine to protect swine flu to humans yet. It is believed that the influenza vaccine, will probably help to give a partial protection of H3N2 virus, but not the H1N1 swine virus.

On the odd occasion, this virus undergoes mutations to form a new virus strain that is able to pass from human to another with relative ease. Therefore, it has been concluded that the strain that is responsible for the 2009 swine flu outbreak, has undergone such a mutation. What is Swine Influenza? Swine influenza virus, endemic to pig populations, is said to be caused by the Orthomyxo viruses. Strains of the swine flu virus, isolated to date, have been classified as a subtype of the genus influenza virus A. The new strain is an obvious reassortment of several strains of influenza A virus subtype H1N1, which include a strain that is endemic in humans and two strains that are endemic in pigs, as well as an avian influenza virus. Reassortment is common feature in influenza viruses; this is because of the structure of their genome. However, this particular reassortment is consistent with its ability to transmit the mutated virus from pigs to humans. In the current scenario, the outbreak of this disease has been termed as the “public health emergency of international concern,” by the World Health Organization. Moreover, most concerned officials lack any knowledge with regard to its clinical features, epidemiology, and virology as well as the appropriate responses needed as a result. All the concerned government health agencies around the world are monitoring the situation closely. Swine flu is spread amongst humans on contact. The spread of the 2009 swine flu outbreak owes its existence to a new strain of H1N1 influenza virus, which was first detected in March 2009 by public health officials. There are serious concerns expressed about this novel strain because it has had a relatively high mortality rate in Mexico, and now has the potential to become a full fledged flu pandemic. How is swine flu prevented? Recommendations to prevent infection by the virus consist of the standard personal precautions against influenza. This includes: Frequent washing of hands with soap and water or with an alcohol-based hand sanitizer Avoid touching the mouth, nose or eyes with the hands unless they have been washed first Cough into a tissue and throw it in the garbage immediately or if bare hands are used to cover the nose and mouth then the hands must be washed immediately. Many countries have also confirmed that all the inbound international passengers will be screened. They will ask each passenger which countries they have visited as well as feel or look for particularly unwell passengers. Furthermore, CDC has also recommended the use of Tamiflu and Relenza for both treatment and prevention of this new strain. Some physicians also recommend the use of masks in public places as this decrease the likelihood of transmission of the virus when around an infected person. Swine flu can be further prevented by: Knowing all the signs of swine flu which include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills, fatigue, diarrhoea and vomiting. Make sure you are in good health; get plenty of sleep, be physically active, manage your stress, drink plenty of fluids, and eat nutritious food. Practice good hygiene; while sneezing place a disposable tissue over your mouth, throw the tissue away after use and wash your hands regularly after blowing your nose/sneezing and before you eat. Don’t share utensils or drinks. How are swine influenza symptoms recognised? The symptoms of H1N1 flu in people are expected to be similar to the symptoms of regular human seasonal influenza and include fever, lethargy, lack of appetite and coughing. Some people with swine flu also have reported runny nose, sore throat, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Anyone with symptoms of influenza should call their healthcare provider. In humans, the symptoms of swine flu are similar to those of influenza and of influenza-like illness. However, the strain responsible for the 2009 swine flu outbreak is normally known to cause only mild symptoms and the infected person recovers fully in a few days. Are there ways to reduce the spread of this disease? The flu virus is normally thought to spread from person to person contact in respiratory droplets of coughs and sneezes. This happens when droplets from cough or sneezes are propelled through the air and deposited on the mouth or nose of uninfected people nearby. Moreover, it could also spread when a person touches respiratory droplets on another person or an object and then touches their own mouth or nose before washing the hands. Taking the following measures will surely arrest it from spreading to healthy humans. For this you must: Check with your health care provider about any special care that you might need, especially if you are pregnant or have health conditions like diabetes, heart disease, asthma, or emphysema Check about all your antiviral medications Stay at home for 7 days after the start of illness Drink clear fluids to keep yourself hydrated Cover up when coughing or sneezing; was your hands with soap and water or an alcohol-based hand rub Avoid close contact with infected people When going out in public places always wear a mask Keep the sick person away from other people as much as possible Maintain good ventilation in shared household areas Use antivirals to prevent the flu after checking with your healthcare provider

Swine flu or the H1N1 virus has claimed the lives of 1500 people across the world. Now as countries prepare for their vaccination campaigns to prevent the spread of swine flu, it seems that there i. . .